Abraham Harold Maslow

A long list of theories that attempt to explain human’s personality traits have been put forward by psychological theorists especially of the 20th century. Some of the prominent theorists include Sigmund Freud, B. F. Skinner, and Abraham H. Maslow (Newman Newman, 2007). Maslow was an American psychologist who was born and grew up in Brooklyn in New York. He is greatly honored for conceptualizing a theory about the trend of human development which is popularly known as â€Å"Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs†. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Abraham Harold Maslow specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Being a humanistic psychologist, Maslow optimistically believed that all human beings have an inherent desire to realize and achieve their given potential to the highest possible level, which he referred to as self-actualization (Newman Newman, 2007). This essay seeks to discuss, in summary, the five majo r levels of human needs that Maslow arranged in a hierarchical manner. It will then provide its applicability to the professional practice. The Hierarchy of Needs model has withstood the test of time as a very instrumental tool for understanding human motivations. This model takes a pyramidal shape with the basic needs at the broader base and the need to self-actualize at the apex (Newman Newman, 2007). Maslow believed that people are motivated most by physiological needs which are inherent and include; the need for air (oxygen), water, food, rest, comfort (excretion), sleep, need to avoid pain, and to have sex. The second layer of the pyramid is the need for safety and security. Once the physiological needs have been met to acceptable minimum, a person moves to satisfy the second layer. The person is motivated by the need to be in a safe environment, as well as assurance for security in life like job security, retirement benefits and or constant care. The sufficient satisfaction o f the first two layers paves way for the third which is the need for love and sense of belonging. One starts being motivated by the need for friendship, a lover, general affectionate needs, the need to have children, and a sense of association. This strong need can push one into all sorts of groups ranging from good to the worst. This level also defines the need to pursue a given career. The fourth level, the need for esteem, follows immediately once the first three have been largely met. This involves the search for self-esteem. The first category is the need for the respect for others, fame, glory, attention, reputation, dignity, dominion, recognition, and appreciation. The second category is the need for self respect through feelings like; confidence, achievement, independence, competence, and freedom. The first four levels are characterized by unique negative effects if they are not met and therefore, Maslow referred to them as deficit-needs or otherwise ‘D-needs’. This implies that one will be motivated as long as there is a deficit (Griffin Moorhead, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The fifth and the last level is the self-actualization need. People in this level are motivated by the need to grow and ‘being’ needs. A person is driven to fulfill his or her optimum potential. Due to the challenge that exists in meeting the lower needs, a very small percentage of the people in the world reach the summit of the hierarchy/triangle. Self-actualized people are characterized by their reality-centeredness, problem-centeredness, and are not conventionally convinced by the idea that the end justifies the means. Basically, they are nonconformist. This model of considering human developmental needs has proved useful and is applicable in virtually all human engagements. In the professional practice, for instance, the Hierarchy of Need s has been employed by leaders and executive officers to motivate their employees to ensure maximum output from the professional workforce (Maslow Stephens, 2000). This will largely depend on how each employee/professional is treated through the type of leadership used, plans for compensation, clear definition of roles, and company culture. Under physiological motivation, the workforce should be allowed to have adequate breaks as well as providing salaries that can enable them to buy essential things in life. Safety needs should be taken care of by creating an environment which is safe and free from threats and feelings of job insecurity. Generating a company or professional culture that encourages feelings of acceptance, community, and belongingness through the use of group dynamics will go a long way in addressing the social needs. The chance for professional advancement like study leaves and promotions should also be provided at this level. The fourth level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs can also be applied to professional practice quite effectively. The esteem motivation can be exploited by recognizing individual achievements, assigning key projects, and ensuring that the workforce feels valued and upheld. Self-actualization motivation of professionals can be achieved through the assignment of high level projects or assignments/tasks that are quite challenging and demanding a lot of creativity, and innovation in the quest to reach the set goals (Griffin Moorhead, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Abraham Harold Maslow specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The essay has provided a summary of the five key levels of needs as laid out by Abraham Maslow. It has also explained how the motivational theory can be effectively used in the professional world to ensure maximum input as well as output from professionals and workforce in general. References Griffin, R. W. Moorhead, G. ( 2009). Organizational Behaviour: managing people and organizations (9th ed.). Cengage Learning Maslow, A. H. Stephens, D. C. (2000). The Maslow business reader. John Wiley and Sons Newman, B. M. Newman, P. R. (2007). Theories of human development (4th ed.). Routledge This essay on Abraham Harold Maslow was written and submitted by user Sasha Carroll to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Studying and Preparing for Final Exams

Studying and Preparing for Final Exams Final exams are stressful for many studentsand its no wonder. Finals are designed to allow students to demonstrate how much information they have retained from an entire semester. When it comes to preparing for finals, every subject is a little bit different, so you should specialize your study skills for each particular exam. A General Strategy for Preparing for Finals Studies show that certain methods are important when it comes to memorization. If youre studying for a topic that involves a lot of new terms and concepts, you must prepare for a test with a reusable practice test. Fill in the practice sheet and repeat until you get all the answers right.Believe it or not, students have reported that lots of points are lost because they get careless on bubble sheets! Review these common and very costly bubble sheet errors that can wreck your test performance. If you misalign by a single space, you can get every answer wrong!Review common instruction words that teachers use. Know the difference between contrast, analyze, and compare, for example. You may think these the same thing when it comes to writing your answer essay, but there are very specific expectations for each word.If finals week means lots of back-to-back exams for you, you should prepare yourself mentally and physically for the many consecutive hours you can spend writing. Dont make your essay answer too short because your hand is getting tired!Fill in the blank e xams require special preparation. You start by reading over your class notes to underline new terms, important dates, noteworthy phrases, and the names of key people. If part of your final involves constructing a long essay outside of the classroom, you should become very familiar with all the behavior that constitutes plagiarism. You might be surprised to find out how easy it is to plagiarize. And plagiarism normally results in an immediate fail! Preparing for Finals in English and Literature Classes Literature professors are most likely to test you with long and short essay questions. First rule when preparing for a literature exam: read the material again! Be prepared to compare two or more stories that youve read. Also, know the traits of every character. Before going into any essay test session, you should review basic punctuation rules. Preparing for Exams in Foreign Language Classes If youre mainly concerned about memorizing a list of new words when learning a foreign language, you can use this color-coding method to memorize vocabulary words. If youre preparing for a final exam in Spanish, you can review a list of common mistakes students make when composing Spanish essays. You may also need to insert Spanish symbols as you create your final essay. Practice early and practice a lot to ace a Spanish test! Thats the advice from readers. Sometimes its necessary to cram for a foreign language final. If you need to learn a lot of French in a little bit of time, try some practice techniques offered by our Guide to French Language. Preparing for Science Finals Many science teachers like to use multiple choice questions to test students. To prepare for this type of test, you should look closely at the concepts behind themes to make sure you are prepared for all of the above and none of the above answers. Look at any lists of components or traits. When taking a chemistry final, be sure to mind dump every memorized equation at the start. Join a study group and seek study advice from other students. Use common sense when you prepare for test day. Eat right and get enough sleep! Preparing for a Psychology Final If your psychology teacher offers a test review, it is important to take smart and sensible notes. You can use your review notes to create a practice exam. When preparing for a psychology test, its particularly important to review psychological theories youve covered in class and apply them to real-life examples when you can. Preparing for Math Finals For many students, math finals are the most intimidating of all! Some of the best advice for preparing for math exams comes from our readers. Work slowly and review each problem at least ten timesthats the kind of wisdom readers share. Review these problem-solving strategies to know how and when to use certain procedures. Its critical to memorize the basic rules that are necessary for working on many problems: divisibility rulesorder of operationsnegative and positive rulesgeometry formulas Final Exams in History History exams will involve memorizing dates as well as memorizing new history terms for your exam. Be sure to brush up on techniques for preparing for a short answer test. Many teachers in the social sciences prefer to use essay exam questions. To prepare for an essay exam, you should read over your notes and textbook chapters to search for hidden themes, Your history final may involve writing a long history paper. Make sure your essay fits the assignment and is formatted correctly. Our Guide to Ancient History provides excellent advice for last minute study tips for history class. Finding a Study Partner It is very helpful for many students to study with a good partner. Find a serious student and find a good study space to exchange practice questions and compare notes. A great study partner will understand some methods or problems that you dont. You will be able to explain some problems with your partner in return. Its a trade-off.

Design and Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Design and Technology - Essay Example I will accomplish this survey by walking around the bank and interviewing those related to my area of concern. For instance, the head of banking security in your facility may help me answer a few questions. Those in charge of monitoring surveillance facilities will also be interviewed. Entrance guards will also be important in this survey by answering a few questions regarding their place of operation. I recognize that banking security is a critical area of study. Because the security of the bank forms the basis of operating the bank in this locality. Compromising the security of this facility may lead to a failure of the whole banking system. Due to this proper care will be exercised during this study. All information obtained from this survey shall be kept confidential. I will ensure that the data obtained from this survey is restricted to class use and no other malicious use. I will not discuss or share your bank information with any third party as this is likely to compromise the security of your bank. The Bank of Kentucky definitely is among the largest commercial banks in the region. The bank has a sole aim of providing the best financial services to each customer they serve each day. Over time, the bank has grown attaining its targeted 100000th deposit account in 2010. The bank is celebrating over 20 years of service since it first started receiving deposits from its customers. The services offered by this bank include saving accounts, fixed deposits accounts, lending services, foreign exchange among other banking and financial services.

International strategic management - Case study (Emirate airline)

International strategic management - (Emirate airline) - Case Study Example The major segment of the stakeholders, the customers and their interests were overlooked by the company when they too much focused on other aspects of the operations of the company. The customer service standards have been adversely affected and the reputation of the airline has been affected badly in the few years. In an ever changing world of business, customers have attained the topmost priority and the bargaining power of the sellers is low compared to the buyers at present. Moreover, competition has been increased a lot because of the new organizations entering into the airline business which forced Emirates airlines to think strongly in terms of restructuring its business policies and strategies to suit the needs of the current business world and the stakeholders. At present Emirates airline has started to reinforce its competitive power by implementing many revised strategies to make the customers happy. Owned and administered by some of the royal family members of the Dubai administration, the major strength of Emirates airline is its immense financial capabilities. Money is not a barrier for emirates airline to try and test new strategies in its business to satisfy the customers. But this enormous financial strength, one way or other misled the company towards unwise strategies like untimely diversification overlooking the interests of the passengers. The rapid progress of Dubai towards becoming the world’s topmost business hub has provided immense scope of business for Emirates airlines. At present, tourists from all over the world selecting Dubai as their favorite destination for spending their leisure time because of the big shopping facilities it offers to the visitors and Emirates airlines can utilize these opportunities for their advantages. Major airliners like Air India, Etihad, Gulf air, British airways, Qatar airways etc are raising stiff challenges to the smooth operations of Emirates airlines. These competitors are offering cheap

New Issues during the Civil Rights Movements Essay Example for Free

New Issues during the Civil Rights Movements Essay â€Å"What new issues emerged for the civil rights movement in the period 1965-1970? How did black leaders respond to those issues in different ways? † During the period 1965-1970, new issues had emerged for the civil rights movement, such as the question of whether Martin Luther King’s philosophy of non-violent tactics were too moderate and limited, poverty and voting rights. During 1965 to 1970, black leaders responded to these issues in a number of ways. Responses to these issues included the forming of Black Nationalist groups, voter registration campaigns and campaigns to get rid of poverty. An issue that emerged during 1965-1970 for the black civil rights movement was voting rights. Even though blacks had been given the right to vote since 1964, they often were frightened and intimidated by the whites if they went and voted. An example of this is with Fannie Ion Hamer. When Hamer came back from registering to vote, she was met by the owner of the plantation where she and her husband had worked for 17 years and was told that she would either leave or withdraw her name from the voters roll. She left and that night 16 shots were fired at the house she and her husband were staying in. Blacks were forced to do literacy tests, which most failed, before they could become registered voters; this was done to prevent the blacks from voting as they didn’t have very good literacy skills. By 1965 very few blacks were still not enrolled for example in Selma and Alabama, where only 350 blacks were registered to vote. The voting had become a new issue because many black civil rights leaders realized the significance of blacks voting to get their own people into positions of authority and create more progress for blacks in America. Another issue that emerged in the 1965-1970 for the black civil rights movement was the question whether Martin Luther King’s philosophy of non-violence stance was too moderate and limited. Martin Luther King’s tactics for making America desegregated was all non-violence, for example sit-ins, marches, signs or protests, boycotts, freedom rides and wait-ins. At first these tactics worked. The freedom rides achieved to desegregate bus terminals, issued by the Interstate Commerce Commission. The sit-ins worked because the protesters annoyed the whites, but not enough for them to take violent action from the police. Bills and laws were being passed. In the 1963 Birmingham campaign led by Martin Luther King the sit-ins, boycotts and mass marches managed to desegregate Birmingham. But by 1966 Black Power emerged and was an alternative philosophy to non-violent protest that civil rights’ activists could use. To some black leaders the methods Martin Luther King had always seemed too fair and his aim of winning concessions from the white majority appeared too inadequate. This was an issue to many blacks, because even though the non-violent methods worked most of the time, blacks were still getting beaten for it and or even killed. The Black Power became a very good alternative because it united black people to recognize their heritage, to build a sense of community. It was a call for black people to define their own goals, doing whatever is necessary to get what they need. The Black Power proved its point in the riots that emerged in Watts, Selma and Chicago, where blacks got what they wanted using means of violence. The riots showed that violence can be the answer too, the total opposite of Martin Luther King’s beliefs. Poverty was another issue the civil rights movement had to face in the period 1965-1970. Poverty of blacks occurred because of blacks being denied skilled jobs that paid well, this led the blacks to not having enough money for education, housing and food supplies, which led to theft among their own people. Blacks in ghettos believed there was no point in going to school if in the end they weren’t to get any good, well paid jobs. Blacks found that there was no use in working if their jobs paid a little more than the Social Security payments for the unemployed. These beliefs created a cycle of poverty and that in order to change and progress further than they already are they needed to break that poverty cycle. This proved to be a great challenge for conservative black groups and leaders but was one of the significant factors for the rise of nationalists groups. In response to the issue of voting rights, black leaders held many voter registration campaigns and demonstrations. An example was the Selma Campaign in 1965, which became a significant campaign. Marches from Selma to Montgomery, which had been banned by the Federal Court, was led by Martin Luther King. On one march the marchers were met by State Troops and so King led them in prayer and marched them back to Selma. This cost the support of many King’s younger supporters, but the Selma Campaign was still a success. This led to the introduction of the Voters’ Rights Bill, which ensured that obstruction to voting would be prevented and many more blacks were now enrolling. In response to the questioning of Martin Luther Kings non-violent methods, black leaders started to form nationalists groups which had more violent policies. For example, in 1966 the Black Panthers were formed. They called for the arming of blacks, to have all blacks released from prison and for blacks to receive compensation for centuries of exploitation by whites. This group also used a lot of violence, but younger blacks found this more appealing than Martin Luther King’s tactics, as they had more aggressive approaches and could relate to blacks who had grown up in the ghettos. Finally, in response to the issue of poverty, black leaders held campaigns for this problem too. During 1968, King organised the ‘Poor Peoples Campaign’. This was an attempt to bring together all of America’s poor – not just blacks – and was obviously not fought along racial lines. This would have been a great way to deal with the poverty of America because it would have brought together many different groups of people in order to achieve common goals. In conclusion during the civil rights movement in years 1965-1970, the new issues that emerged were voting rights, the question whether Martin Luther King’s tactics were too fair and limited and poverty. These issues were responded by the black leaders in different ways such as the forming of Black Nationalists groups, for example the Black Panthers, voter registration campaigns and campaigns to get rid of poverty.

Television and Media - MTV and Music Television :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Music Television    What do a teenager from Europe, Asia, Australia and the United States have in common? Young people around the world seem to like the same kind of things which includes music and television. They all share one favorite television channel -M.T.V. Music is the new global language; it talks to the youth worldwide. Let me introduce you the first international generation. They wear Levi's, shop at Benetton, wear Swatch watches and drink Pepsi. This is not to say that there are not any cultural differences, that the French teenagers are not different from the USA teenagers. However, a French teenager and U.S. teenager are much more similar to each than they are to their parents. The most powerful source of this global language is M.T.V. There are many international versions of M.T.V.: M.T.V. USA, M.T.V. Europe and M.T.V. Asia, M.T.V. Australia and M.T.V. in Latin America.    I can not say it is bad. I am the same age as M.T.V. I can not say that I do not belong to the M.T.V. generation. I am fascinated by the way M.T.V. brings the same cultural values worldwide. In this new brave world created by M.T.V., we all are sharing the same values. We wear what we see the celebrities wearing. We drink what Brithney Spears drinks. We wear T-shirt with M.T.V. logo on it, because we believe that is a way to express that we are part of this new global youth culture. And we are thankful to M.T.V., which is making a difference for us. We blindly believe that we are different from our parents, that we are better, freer. Yes, we got common language but our conversation is commercial one. The main topic is what designer clothes we want, what are the latest trends and so on. That is what we got in common - celebrities and fashion trends. We still share the old society's prejudices, we still got our gender issues, we are still are caring our race issues. And all that is brought to us by our beloved, lifesaving music channel-M.T.V..    When M.T.V. started out, twenty years ago, it looked like TV radio station, airing video clips, rather than news and show programs. Television and Media - MTV and Music Television :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics Music Television    What do a teenager from Europe, Asia, Australia and the United States have in common? Young people around the world seem to like the same kind of things which includes music and television. They all share one favorite television channel -M.T.V. Music is the new global language; it talks to the youth worldwide. Let me introduce you the first international generation. They wear Levi's, shop at Benetton, wear Swatch watches and drink Pepsi. This is not to say that there are not any cultural differences, that the French teenagers are not different from the USA teenagers. However, a French teenager and U.S. teenager are much more similar to each than they are to their parents. The most powerful source of this global language is M.T.V. There are many international versions of M.T.V.: M.T.V. USA, M.T.V. Europe and M.T.V. Asia, M.T.V. Australia and M.T.V. in Latin America.    I can not say it is bad. I am the same age as M.T.V. I can not say that I do not belong to the M.T.V. generation. I am fascinated by the way M.T.V. brings the same cultural values worldwide. In this new brave world created by M.T.V., we all are sharing the same values. We wear what we see the celebrities wearing. We drink what Brithney Spears drinks. We wear T-shirt with M.T.V. logo on it, because we believe that is a way to express that we are part of this new global youth culture. And we are thankful to M.T.V., which is making a difference for us. We blindly believe that we are different from our parents, that we are better, freer. Yes, we got common language but our conversation is commercial one. The main topic is what designer clothes we want, what are the latest trends and so on. That is what we got in common - celebrities and fashion trends. We still share the old society's prejudices, we still got our gender issues, we are still are caring our race issues. And all that is brought to us by our beloved, lifesaving music channel-M.T.V..    When M.T.V. started out, twenty years ago, it looked like TV radio station, airing video clips, rather than news and show programs.

Biotic and Abiotic Structure and Function of an Ecosystem

In this assignment, you will investigate the biotic and abiotic structure and function of an ecosystem. Choose one of the following ecosystems:Tropical rainforest.Grassland.Coral Reef.Estuary.Desert.You will write a two to three page APA-style research paper about your choice of ecosystem including: Where might this type of ecosystem be located? Give one specific example. Describe the structure of the ecosystem: List both the abiotic components and biotic components Describe the function of the ecosystem: How do the abiotic and biotic components interact in biogeochemical cycles? Describe both the carbon and nitrogen cycles Describe disturbance and recovery: Describe one natural and one human caused disturbance to the ecosystem. Explain the damage to the ecosystem, including how the abiotic and biotic characteristics of the ecosystem changed. Explain how ecosystems recover naturally based on resilience mechanisms and the theory of secondary succession. The following grading rubric wi ll be used for this assignment.Grading RubricAPA Style 5% Where might this type of ecosystem be located? Give one specific example 20% Describe the structure: 40%Abiotic components: 10% Biotic Components 10% Describe the function:Describe the Carbon cycle: 15% Describe the Nitrogen cycle:15%Disturbance and Recovery:Example of natural disturbance event and changes to the ecosystem.Discussion of recovery process: 15% Example of anthropogenic caused disturbance event and changes to the ecosystem.Discussion of recovery process. 15% Explain how ecosystems recover naturally based on resilience mechanisms and the theory of secondary succession. Â